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Important Facts About
Allergy
Allergy
is a term that defines an
abnormal reaction that
people manifest when they
make contact with dust,
animal hair and pollen. In
addition, the allergy can
be provoked be foods, drugs
and many other substances,
such as latex. In fact,
allergy represents a type I
hypersensitivity reaction
to certain substances. This
means that immunoglobulin E
over stimulates the mast
cells and the basophiles,
fact that eventually leads
to an inflammatory
reaction. The symptoms that
appear range from swelling
nose to anaphylactic shock.
In consequence, allergy
must be treated as soon as
the symptoms are
discovered. Asthma is a
chronic health condition
that is usually associated
to various types of
allergy. According to some
studies, around 60 percent
of the allergic people
contract asthma.
Nose,
eyes and skin usually get
inflamed when a person has
allergy. Furthermore, pain
in the ears is sometimes
present. Although it is not
a typical symptom, headache
appears as a result of drug
allergies. Respiration is
performed with difficulty
because the bronchia get
constricted. In some cases,
when anaphylaxis is
installed, the digestive
system, the circulatory
system and the respiratory
system are affected. In
this situation, it is
imperative to treat the
allergy quickly, as it can
lead to hypotension and
eventually to coma and
death. The proper treatment
resumes to injections of
epinephrine.
The
diagnosis can be performed
in several ways. The tests
provide certain results and
indicate the exact cause of
the allergy. The most
effective test is the skin
prick test, because the
results are very precise,
when compared to the other
tests. In addition, it is
very easy to be done and
has a low cost. The skin of
the patient is pricked and
then marked with a special
ink. Before applying the
ink, this must be tested,
too, as it can provoke an
allergic reaction. Next,
allergens, which are also
known as substances that
may produce allergy, are
either injected under the
skin or put on the areas
that have been scratched.
The allergic reaction
becomes visible in
approximately 30 minutes.
As soon as the reaction is
observed, a steroid cream
is placed on the scratched
area in order to relieve
the symptoms. The second
way to diagnose allergy is
to perform a blood test.
The main goal is to
determine the total
immunoglobulin E count.
Colometric and radiometric
immunoassays are used for
measuring the quantity of
immunoglobulin that is
found in the serum.
The
treatment is various and
depends on the severity of
the symptoms. In some cases
immunotherapy provides the
best results. Antibodies
that neutralize
immunoglobulin E are
injected. Other such
treatments that are based
on enzymes and
beta-glucuronidase tend to
become more popular.
Chemotherapy
represents another possible
treatment for allergy. In
fact, this method refers to
the use of certain drugs
that prevent or counteract
the action of the
allergens. Antihistamines,
epinephrine, cortisone and
theophyline are some of the
drugs that proved to be
effective in the treatment
of allergy. Other
treatments are based on
herbs, homeopathy and
kinesiology. The
effectiveness of such
alternative treatments is
still doubtful, because
there is not sufficient
scientific evidence to
sustain it.
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